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Deep spatial profiling of human COVID-19 brains reveals neuroinflammation with distinct microanatomical microglia-T cell interactions, 2021

Discussion in 'Epidemics (including Covid-19, not Long Covid)' started by rvallee, Jun 11, 2021.

  1. rvallee

    rvallee Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    • Performed detailed molecular and spatial analysis of the COVID-19 brain immune response
    • Pathognomonic microglial nodules and T cell infiltration are present in COVID-19 brains
    • Altered microglia-T cell interactions correlate with systemic measures of inflammation
    • Vascular leakage is linked with immune activation, ACE2 expression and viral antigen
    COVID-19 can cause severe neurological symptoms, but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are unclear. Here, we interrogated the brain stem and olfactory bulb in COVID-19 patients postmortem using imaging mass cytometry to understand the local immune response at a spatially resolved, high-dimensional single-cell level and compared their immune map to non-COVID respiratory failure, multiple sclerosis and control patients. We observed substantial immune activation in the central nervous system with pronounced neuropathology (astrocytosis, axonal damage, blood-brain-barrier leakage) and detected viral antigen in ACE2 receptor-positive cells enriched in the vascular compartment. Microglial nodules and the perivascular compartment represented COVID-19-specific microanatomic immune niches with context-specific cellular interactions enriched for activated CD8+ T cells. Altered brain T cell–microglial interactions were linked to clinical measures of systemic inflammation and disturbed hemostasis.

    This study identifies profound neuroinflammation with activation of innate and adaptive immune cells as correlates of COVID-19 neuropathology, with implications for potential therapeutic strategies.


    https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(21)00246-6
     
    leokitten, Lidia, sebaaa and 18 others like this.
  2. rvallee

    rvallee Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    Note the tags: autopsies. I don't think this technique can be done on live subjects.

    Actually, maybe more T-cells and less therapy.
     
    Lidia, sebaaa, obeat and 8 others like this.
  3. Snowdrop

    Snowdrop Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    I particularly liked that they:

    Much more effective than the ever present questionnaire of the BPS.

    Make that brain stem give it all up I say.
     
    Philipp, Kirsten, Lisa108 and 12 others like this.

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