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No significant difference, but it looks like the measurement was between different ME/CFS subgroups (infectious onset or not, or having certain genetic alleles), and not compared to healthy controls.

Yeah I just think there may or may not be certain subjective and objective measures that can be influenced by expectations. I certainly think it's unlikely that all objective outcomes could be influenced by expectations. If a patient got a placebo and was told it was a drug designed to...

Maybe we're working with different ideas of what placebo means. I would consider if someone swore that they felt feverish after taking no medication, even if a thermometer does not indicate any higher temperature, would be a placebo effect. The effect would just be on the subjective feeling of...

Well they did mention one of the two, but I agree, excluding the other suggests like they might prefer these explanations. Unlike nocebus from a parallel universe which has no existing evidence or reason for believing in, a placebo effect is biologically plausible. Thoughts can make my heart...

I'm not sure how exactly this relates to the thread's study, but the same team published a letter to the editor. I haven't read either in detail, but it looks like the same data is used for the main sIL2R finding in both. Soluble IL-2R: A potential therapeutic target for mitochondrial...

So is invoking reporting bias, no? Or suggesting that they had more adverse effects for a legitimate health reason? Based on what definition? Wikipedia says "A nocebo effect is said to occur when a patient's expectations for a treatment cause the treatment to have a worse effect than it...

Why is nocebo effect questionable as a potential explanation? They both seem fine to me as speculation, but I agree, they should have also included a third option of vaccine-concerned people having a reason to be concerned about their own bodies.

Oh that's great. Good to see another person got neurons/excitatory neurons in the cell type enrichment analysis.

Pulling out some quotes about the difference from a quick scan:

I'm just concerned that there's no other way to read the sentence when it uses "and" than that it's suggesting they are all involved: Maybe "or" instead?

Thanks for the blog! I think fine mapping refers to identifying the causal variant out of all the significant variants, not identifying the gene that the variant affects. I think that would be 'gene prioritization': - https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsob.190221 --- I don't...

Post-acute non-specific symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination: a Danish population-based study Christina Bisgaard Jensen, Kristoffer Torp Hansen, Bodil Hammer Bech, Stefan Nygaard Hansen, Henrik Nielsen, Charlotte Ulrikka Rask, Per Fink, Thomas Meinertz Dantoft, Torben Jørgensen, Jeremy A...

Targeting Symptoms of Fibromyalgia Through Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): A Systematic Review of Current Systematic Reviews Masoud Sahebari, MD, Fateme Tahmasbi, MD, Alireza Rahimi-Mamaghani, MD, MSc, FIPP [Line breaks added] Background Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a...

Inflammatory predictors of Post-COVID fatigue A. Nuber-Champier, G. Breville, P. Voruz, I. Jacot de Alcântara, P.H. Lalive, G. Allali, L. Benzakour, K.-O. Lövblad, O. Braillard, M. Nehme, M. Coen, J. Serratrice, J.-L. Reny, J. Pugin, I. Guessous, B.N. Landis, A. Cionca, F. Assal, J.A. Péron...

Yes. Unfortunately, I don't have a lot of examples off the top of my head. But for example, they don't really know how SSRIs work for depression (if they actually work at all and it's not placebo). Wikipedia Another example is general anesthesia:

You could just see that it works when patients take it for an unrelated reason. That appears to be the basis of all the B cell depletion drug trials in Norway. Cancer patients took chemo drugs and their ME/CFS got better. Wikipedia says the tree that contains a similar chemical to Aspirin was...

T Cell Dysregulation in Long-COVID: Immune Profiling and the Potential Role of Short-chain Fatty Acids in Modulating T-cell Functionality Zhihua Wu, Kieran Tuohy, Frederique Ponchel Abstract Long-COVID (LC) affects over 400 million individuals globally and is characterised by persistent...

@elimrogers Thank you for joining and offering to share your paper. Unfortunately, it's really hard for me to follow these types of historical/sociological topics, so I'm not sure how much I can personally understand or contribute. I'm sorry that comments on this forum have been hurtful. But...

Can you clarify what is offensive? She can't write about ME/CFS because she doesn't have it? I can't follow what your criticism of the piece is.

There are some resources for learning about the immune system here: https://www.s4me.info/threads/learning-about-the-immune-system.43381/ And Sasha talks about that book here: https://www.s4me.info/threads/visual-media-for-learning-biology-medicine.39380/post-611356