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  1. Snow Leopard

    Editorial: Placebo and Nocebo Effects in Psychiatry and Beyond, 2020, Weimer at al

    There is a notable unacknowledged bias in this editorial...
  2. Snow Leopard

    Physical activity in a pandemic: A new treatment target for psychological therapy: Diamond and Waite June 2020

    In Australian almost-lockdown, when the only reason you're allowed out of the house is to "exercise", actually resulted in a temporary increase in physical activity, at least among a certain demographic. If you are locking people inside their houses (so to speak), you have to expect a temporary...
  3. Snow Leopard

    Discriminatory cytokine profiles predict muscle function, fatigue and cognitive function in patients with ME/CFS. McArdle et al. 2020

    The problem with statistical models like this is that they don't tend to replicate. The sample size was decent, but 92 male patients and 63 female patients seems like an odd ratio. On the neuropsychological/cognitive testing, patients had the usual poor reaction times and poorer verbal memory...
  4. Snow Leopard

    The role of IP‐10 in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, 2018, McArdle et al

    Except by patients themselves who don't consider it valid or reliable!
  5. Snow Leopard

    The biology of coronavirus COVID-19 - including research and treatments

    There are two factors affecting sensitivity, the first is variability in sampling procedures and the second is if the test is conducted too late after the individual has started to recover, the viral load can be much lower. https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/369/bmj.m1808.full.pdf
  6. Snow Leopard

    CBT for ME that is accepted by the community.

    Exactly. CBT for CFS is quintessential "health psychology".
  7. Snow Leopard

    News about Long Covid including its relationship to ME/CFS 2020 to 2021

    I wonder about the latter point myself. If they had just one patient proof-read such documents, they would be written very differently.
  8. Snow Leopard

    The biology of coronavirus COVID-19 - including research and treatments

    "SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells exhibit phenotypic features of robust helper function, lack of terminal differentiation, and high proliferative potential" https://www.cell.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2666-3791%2820%2930102-6 More evidence that immunity towards SARS-CoV-2 is typical and won't magically...
  9. Snow Leopard

    Activity measurement in pediatric chronic fatigue syndrome, 2020, Jason et al

    Given that it was for a single day, I doubt it is generalisable. It's easy to report accurately for a day, but it might become tiresome after the 40th day. I wonder also whether children are going to suffer from greater social-desirability biases (including greater diligence in activity reporting)?
  10. Snow Leopard

    Esther Crawley

    Wow, okay... But then again, by linking that here, you've probably doubled the number of people who will actually read it. ;) It's funny how FOIs and concerns about violating ethics agreements are considered worthwhile in other fields where scientists are practising sloppy science - when those...
  11. Snow Leopard

    The biology of coronavirus COVID-19 - including research and treatments

    Who knows, unless they provide more details. They state that it is based on 1344 samples, but compared to what? Were these in-vitro controls? PCR-confirmed samples of a convenience sample? As such, I don't put much stock in the accuracy of quoted figures unless tested in a large...
  12. Snow Leopard

    News about Long Covid including its relationship to ME/CFS 2020 to 2021

    The claim is either that they aren't experiencing fatigue (in which case, I'd expect their problems to be lung-related in patients who required ventilation - lung fibrosis for example - this will cause perception of shortness of breath, but won't cause fatigue in itself - there is no shortage of...
  13. Snow Leopard

    Vascular ATP‐sensitive K+ channels support maximal aerobic capacity and critical speed via convective and diffusive O2 transport, 2020, Colburn et al

    I don't really know that much and don't have the energy to explain much. I'm not sure what needs explaining either. A key point is that these are "inwardly rectifying" channels, meaning it is easier for K+ ions to travel into, rather than out of the cell. This means they are meant to be closed...
  14. Snow Leopard

    A SWATH-MS analysis of ME/CFS peripheral blood mononuclear cell proteomes reveals mitochondrial dysfunction: Sweetman,Vallings,Tate et al Aug 2020

    For the level of detail similar to this study, this involves invasive testing: biopsies. MRI scanning can reveal some information about a limited range of metabolites. Potentially in the future, complicated imaging using a complicated array of molecular tagging - not cheap easy or risk free...
  15. Snow Leopard

    Validation of the Severity of ME/CFS by Other Measures than History: Activity Bracelet, CPET, SF-36. van Campen et al, 2020

    It all depends on what we mean by severe. Being unable to work is considered "severe" for most illnesses, but "moderate" in ME and CFS. What we think of as "severe" - bedbound patients, would indeed not be doing maximal CPETs!!!
  16. Snow Leopard

    The biology of coronavirus COVID-19 - including research and treatments

    There is an initial drop, because the high level of antibodies secreted due to stimulation during the initial acute infection phase is no longer needed. Then the IgG levels move into a maintenance phase.
  17. Snow Leopard

    The biology of coronavirus COVID-19 - including research and treatments

    This is interesting, but still "suggestive" quality evidence. Viruses need selective pressures to mutate, perhaps social distancing measures are causing selection for increased infectivity.
  18. Snow Leopard

    Coronavirus - worldwide spread and control

    I doubt it. Usually variant strains with mutations in key epitope regions occur once there is strong immunological pressure, basically once a large proportion of the population has prior immunity and the virus has to mutate to survive. Sequencing studies of SARS-2 mostly show genetic drift...
  19. Snow Leopard

    A SWATH-MS analysis of ME/CFS peripheral blood mononuclear cell proteomes reveals mitochondrial dysfunction: Sweetman,Vallings,Tate et al Aug 2020

    While this study has interesting methodology, it is a pilot study and thus not generalisable. 11 patients and 2970 proteins in the quantification, many of these findings could purely be due to chance. The authors did not mention correcting for multiple comparisons. Secondly, another flaw of...
  20. Snow Leopard

    The biology of coronavirus COVID-19 - including research and treatments

    Even if the hypothetically becomes totally hidden, there are memory B cells that divide over time and mature into antibody secreting plasma-cells, this is how immunity is maintained for years post-infection. Any infection initially serious enough to lead to noticeable symptoms will lead to such...
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