Our prior research found an association between high numbers of reported allergies, including at least one antibiotic allergy, and the diagnosis of interstitial cystitis and fibromyalgia, both of which fall under the category of Central Sensitization Syndromes (CSS). We hypothesized that other CSSs would have a similar association with increased number of reported allergies.
Methods
We performed a retrospective study on patients admitted to three hospitals within our healthcare system in 2021 who reported at least one antibiotic allergy. We analyzed 16 CSSs (7 clearly defined as CSS and 9 potentially considered CSSs) and 16 non-CSS diagnoses. The prevalence of each diagnosis for patients reporting 1 allergy, ≥10 allergies, and ≥20 allergies was determined and compared to all patients who reported any number of allergies to generate a risk ratio for each subgroup.
Results
Six of 7 of the definite CSS and 6 of 9 of the potential CSS had a risk ratio ≥ 3 in the ≥10 allergies group (p<0.001), while none of the control diagnoses did. All 7 of the definite CSS and 2 of the 9 potential CSS had a risk ratio ≥6 in the ≥20 allergies group (p≤0.01) while none of the controls did. In the 1 allergy group, all definite and potential CSS had a negative association with a risk ratio ≤0.6 while only 3 of the control diagnoses were ≤0.6.
Conclusions
All CSSs have an association with high numbers of reported allergies.
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