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Yes, I was mostly referring to the ones with the valve. The ones without valves don't seal as well and so they leak around the edges due to the pressure when exhaling. (the purpose of the one-way valves on N95 masks is to prevent leakage for the wearer). They aren't fool proof either, though...

Only population based contact tracing studies (where close contacts are tested) can provide answers - and they show true asymptomatic spread is rare: "Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and risk factors for susceptibility and infectivity in Wuhan: a retrospective observational study"...

It turns out having a nasty infection also harms some people's mental health. Who would have guessed?

I'm particularly interested if it helps with your other symptoms...

If your carer is in the house for 5 hours, it is highly likely you would be infected if they started experiencing symptomatic infection. Given the similarity in protection against symptomatic infection compared to transmission, it is clear symptomatic infection mediates most of the effect. We...

If they listened to ME/CFS and post-viral patients back in Jan/Feb 2020, they'd already have conducted prospective population studies and it would not be a mystery.

It is true that patients may not use the word 'fatigue', but that is beside the point. There are also a variety of presentation biases that must be considered. Many ME patients likewise don't complain of "fatigue" unless they have come across medical literature or discussions describing their...

Looking at the high scores (on the site), I think some people are testing algorithms... No way any real person would have that sort of patience.

This is interesting, but requires further replication. In particular, the machine learning sorting processes need to be tested in independent studies. (such as the “PASC Score” defined as S1 = (IFN-γ + IL-2)/CCL4-MIP-1β), where S1 > 0.5 defines a PASC case) The stated specificity/sensitivity of...

The authors claim the presence of spike protein fragments in CD16+ Monocytes is due to continued presence of viral genetic material up to 16 months later. Unfortunately, they don't provide data for each of the patients (for the test of spike protein containing monocytes). They claim: They...

It is possible.

I have had other doctors agree it is relevant. But what you are really saying is you don't agree, so why not? What about he frequent patient reports of patients reporting feelings of weakness, or rapid declines in performance when performing motor tasks? Almost all studies of motor performance...

Merged discussion moved from this thread No. In the case of motor control, fatigue is literally a reduction in performance for a given level of effort in the brain regions upstream of the motor cortex (eg Mesencephalic locomotor region). The sensations we associate with fatigue...

Yes, 6MWD are highly susceptible to biases of the order found in the trial (7.5% difference) because they are sub-maximal and easily susceptible to the participant simply choosing to walk faster or slower.

The relatively high sensitivity and specificity is rather curious. I'd like this to be replicated by blind examiners before getting too excited. The FMS pain score vs muscle pressure plot suggests the association is weak, but that could be due to too much variation in the anchoring of the pain...

It's likely to be hype. It would be the first time that a cytokine test has sufficient sensitivity for any illness besides the (by-definition) Cytokine release syndrome (commonly known as "cytokine storm").

I'm not convinced that it is. The unusual results on the 2 day CPET at the ventilatory threshold are not explained by autonomic disregulation that would result in impaired blood pressure or a delayed rise in heart rate upon standing from supine position (null results after a maximal exercise...

The MS pilot trial of Ketamine for "fatigue" didn't use actigraphy, but the proposed study which is supposed to include ME/CFS patients is planning on using actigraphy.

The Australian/Mike Musker study which monitored Leptin levels in circulation over 8 hours found no real association with severity or variation during the day. I'm not convinced that orexin is a key factor either, since our problem is not a disturbance of wakefulness like Narcolepsy.

Which is a stimulant and appetite suppressant. I'm not convinced this will work any more effectively than any of the other stimulants that have been trialed (dextroamphetamine, Methylphenidate etc).