A basophil-neuronal axis promotes itch, Wang et al 2021

Mij · Jan 15, 2021

Heterogeneous forms of itch underlie atopic dermatitis

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Basophils promote a mast cell-independent form of IgE-mediated itch

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Allergen-stimulated basophils release leukotriene C4 and interact with sensory nerves

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Leukotriene C4-CysLTR2 neuronal signaling mediates acute itch flares

Summary
Itch is an evolutionarily conserved sensation that facilitates expulsion of pathogens and noxious stimuli from the skin. However, in organ failure, cancer, and chronic inflammatory disorders such as atopic dermatitis (AD), itch becomes chronic, intractable, and debilitating. In addition to chronic itch, patients often experience intense acute itch exacerbations. Recent discoveries have unearthed the neuroimmune circuitry of itch, leading to the development of anti-itch treatments. However, mechanisms underlying acute itch exacerbations remain overlooked. Herein, we identify that a large proportion of patients with AD harbor allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and exhibit a propensity for acute itch flares. In mice, while allergen-provoked acute itch is mediated by the mast cell-histamine axis in steady state, AD-associated inflammation renders this pathway dispensable. Instead, a previously unrecognized basophil-leukotriene (LT) axis emerges as critical for acute itch flares. By probing fundamental itch mechanisms, our study highlights a basophil-neuronal circuit that may underlie a variety of neuroimmune processes.
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https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/...m/retrieve/pii/S0092867420317554?showall=true

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A basophil-neuronal axis promotes itch, Wang et al 2021

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