Findings
We included 22 551 radiographs associated with 22 551 echocardiograms obtained from 16 946 patients. The external test dataset featured 3311 radiographs from 2617 patients with a mean age of 72 years [SD 15], of whom 49·8% were male and 50·2% were female. The AUCs, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for this dataset were 0·92 (95% CI 0·90–0·95), 86% (85–87), 82% (75–87), and 86% (85–88) for classifying the left ventricular ejection fraction at a 40% cutoff, 0·85 (0·83–0·87), 75% (73–76), 83% (80–87), and 73% (71–75) for classifying the tricuspid regurgitant velocity at a 2·8 m/s cutoff, 0·89 (0·86–0·92), 85% (84–86), 82% (76–87), and 85% (84–86) for classifying mitral regurgitation at the none-mild versus moderate-severe cutoff, 0·83 (0·78–0·88), 73% (71–74), 79% (69–87), and 72% (71–74) for classifying aortic stenosis, 0·83 (0·79–0·87), 68% (67–70), 88% (81–92), and 67% (66–69) for classifying aortic regurgitation, 0·86 (0·67–1·00), 90% (89–91), 83% (36–100), and 90% (89–91) for classifying mitral stenosis, 0·92 (0·89–0·94), 83% (82–85), 87% (83–91), and 83% (82–84) for classifying tricuspid regurgitation, 0·86 (0·82–0·90), 69% (68–71), 91% (84–95), and 68% (67–70) for classifying pulmonary regurgitation, and 0·85 (0·81–0·89), 86% (85–88), 73% (65–81), and 87% (86–88) for classifying inferior vena cava dilation.
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