The disappearance of ME/CFS

Discussion in 'Epidemiology (incidence, prevalence, prognosis)' started by Hutan, Apr 13, 2024.

  1. Hutan

    Hutan Moderator Staff Member

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    Many of us have been predicting that, with the hard won gains for people with ME/CFS such as the NICE ME/CFS guideline, there would be a push from BPS proponents to diagnose people who meet ME/CFS criteria with other disease names. Those disease names might be MUS or FND or other variations of 'hysteria', or they might be the umbrella diagnosis of Long Covid.

    Avoiding the ME/CFS diagnosis leaves therapists and clinicians able to follow whatever treatment approaches and offer whatever theories about disease etiology that suit their prejudices.

    This indeed seems to be happening. I thought it could be useful to have a thread to document the evidence.
     
  2. Hutan

    Hutan Moderator Staff Member

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  3. Hutan

    Hutan Moderator Staff Member

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    Thanks to @Tal_lula for posting a letter from the Bristol NHS ME/CFS Service explaining why a person who meets ME/CFS criteria following a Covid-19 infection cannot be given an ME/CFS diagnosis. I think this is very important evidence.

    Bristol Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ME Service; Bristol M.E. Service - Peter Gladwell
    A copy of the original letter is attached to the post there and there are some posts commenting on it. I have copied the text here, to facilitate quoting.

    It is difficult to imagine how more errors of fact and logic could be fitted into a brief letter than what are there.
     
    Last edited: Apr 13, 2024
  4. Hutan

    Hutan Moderator Staff Member

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    Going through that letter with its arguments for not giving people an ME/CFS diagnosis if their illness started after Covid-19:

    Certainly, different diseases and other causes may trigger ME/CFS. But, that is also true of the umbrella diagnosis of Long Covid - medical harm from the treatment (drugs, ventilation); mental harm from the disease and/or treatment (PTSD), harm from the disease. It is likely that a large percentage of people who develop ME/CFS due to a cause other than Covid-19 from 2020 onwards will be diagnosed as having Long Covid.
    The second part of the sentence is poor logic. Many causes may result in the same medical problem. People can end up with a broken leg from a fall from a rook and from car accidents. It is reasonable to keep track of the number of falls and the number of car accidents, but it is also reasonable and completely possible to categorise the injury as 'broken leg'.

    I have written elsewhere in the forum on how that Dubbo finding of more severe illness causing more post-infection fatigue syndrome is questionable. The delay in the evaluation of the people in the study after acute illness onset probably meant that people with lingering symptoms were more likely to be categorised as having a more severe illness. On the other hand, there are a lot of studies that reported that more serious Covid-19 illness results in more Long Covid. Of course, a lot of those Long Covid cases won't be ME/CFS, but the data is messy.

    Long Covid is an umbrella diagnosis. All the more reason to separate out the different consequences that need different treatment. If someone has lung damage, then presumably they can be diagnosed with lung damage triggered by Covid-19. If someone has PEM and meets the other ME/CFS criteria, then they can be diagnosed with ME/CFS triggered by Covid-19. On the other hand, people who develop ME/CFS after other illnesses may also have more obvious damage. Someone who has had Ebola may have hearing loss as a result of their infection, as well as ME/CFS. People with Q fever might develop endocarditis as well as ME/CFS.

    Ugh. Here in plain sight is the rationale. 'If we diagnose people with ME/CFS, we are not free to impose whatever unevidenced nonsense takes our fancy'. It puts people with PEM in harms way.

    What about the people diagnosed with ME/CFS in the last 5 years, as a result of a glandular fever infection, for example? Would they not benefit from being in a group with other recently diagnosed people who meet ME/CFS criteria following Covid-19? Or, are the therapists not coming across anyone being diagnosed with ME/CFS any more? As in, ME/CFS has been successfully disappeared... And, I wonder, how many people who have had ME/CFS for more than 5 years are they actually treating? Many of those people will have given up on ME/CFS clinics and therapists.

    There is no evidence that the prognosis for ME/CFS-like Long Covid and ME/CFS is different. There is evidence suggesting that most people ill with ME/CFS symptoms at 3 months recover, regardless of the triggering infection.

    This letter makes me more and more angry. Giving someone a diagnosis of ME/CFS in addition to Long Covid is only detrimental to morale if the diagnosis results in them being stigmatised. And, who is responsible for stigmatising ME/CFS? It is certainly detrimental to morale to think that sleep hygiene and breathing properly and exercising is going to make you well, and to push through symptoms in order to meet the goals you have "negotiated" with the therapist, only to not only fail to meet those goals, but also to significantly deteriorate.
    As a forum member pointed out, the clinic seems to have no problem diagnosing people with both POTS and Long Covid. In that case, the earth seems to keep turning and the NHS continues to exist. As I mentioned before, patients can be diagnosed with both a car accident and a broken leg. It seems obvious that not diagnosing ME/CFS when it is appropriate to do so will significantly mess with prevalence data. Perhaps a drastic decrease in ME/CFS prevalence accompanied by a massive increase in functional disorders will have an influence on service provision. Perhaps that is indeed the aim?

    That argument that "research into Long Covid should be selective" is particularly ridiculous. Having a person just with "Long Covid" is not at all specific - the person could have gross tissue damage arising from Covid treatment or the disease itself, or they may have ME/CFS. If you are serious about doing good research, it is vitally important that people with the umbrella diagnosis of "Long Covid" are stratified into more useful groups. Dual diagnoses helps with that. I think it's actually likely that there will be a significant proportion of people given the Long Covid diagnosis who will have developed their symptoms after infections of pathogens other than SARS-CoV-2, for example after an EBV infection. I think it is going to be incredibly difficult for researchers to ensure that their cohort is "pure" Long Covid.
     
    Last edited: Apr 13, 2024
  5. Jonathan Edwards

    Jonathan Edwards Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    Yes. Everything is slightly non sequitur. The prognosis for LC in the first year or so may be different from ME/CFS as a whole but is may well similar to ME/CFS in the first year or so.. and so on.

    The desire to avoid ME/CFS guidelines seems to be at the centre of this. It is something that I think is central to the problem of devising watertight policy for very severe ME/CFS cases.

    What I hope may be a guiding principle is that any treatment (or even diagnostic decision) that is not supported by reliable evidence and is against the patient's wishes should be considered unethical and potentially illegal.
     
  6. Jonathan Edwards

    Jonathan Edwards Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    It shows a complete misunderstanding of the diagnostic process. There is every reason to separate 'pneumococcal infection' from 'pneumonia' despite in many cases them applying to the same person. ME/CFS and Long Covid are different stratifying types of diagnostic category, just like 'car accident' and 'broken rib'.

    And why is an occupational therapist writing this letter? It is not their job to diagnose - as is evident they are not trained to understand the process.
     
    Last edited: Apr 13, 2024
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  7. Yann04

    Yann04 Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    Sorry I don’t know if this is off topic for this thread but we have the opposite problem going on in Switzerland. ME/CFS is not a recognised condition here and there are virtually no experts or anyone with experience except psychologists.

    What the Long Covid clinics do is whenever they see someone severly affected by long covid, they give them an ME/CFS diagnosis, refuse to diagnose long covid, and tell the patient that they will need to find help elsewhere.

    I can see three reasons for this:
    1. The long covid clinics are overwhelmed and will do anything to discharge patients.
    2. The doctors believe/are feeding the belief that long covid is something temporary that doesn’t affect people severly and are removing anyone who poses opposite evidence to this.
    3. In switzetland you cannot get Disability insurance for ME/CFS but you can for long covid, this covert policy, whether on purpose or not is saving the government tens of millions a year.
     
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  8. Andy

    Andy Committee Member

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    The arguments that giving someone a diagnosis of ME/CFS in addition to Long Covid is detrimental to the patient and research into Long Covid should be selective, and this argues for maintaining a separate diagnosis, have also been made by David Putrino.
     
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  9. Tal_lula

    Tal_lula Established Member

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    @Jonathan Edwards, this OT was my main contact at the service. It was she who initially diagnosed me with "PVFS following Suspected Covid-19" and later updated the diagnosis to 'Post Covid Syndrome' (although the latter was already on my GP record by then, so it was more of a formality). Indeed, my GP - who had obviously referred me to the service - was quite sniffy about the initial diagnosis being made by an OT (I had issues with that GP continually trying to deny that I'd had Covid or that it was the cause of my new issues).

    However, I'm 100% sure that Peter Gladwell was behind that letter - to the point that I suspect he wrote the whole thing and Sarah just signed her name to it. She got so flustered when I tried to discuss the issue with her that the letter resulted from her need to go away and discuss it with the Clinic Lead (Peter). During the phone call, she started complaining that they had so much to do with all the changes to the service and actually said something like "I just can't deal with this right now". It was most unprofessional.

    Now, should a physiotherapist - even one with a doctorate - be diagnosing a complex neuroimmune disease instead? If it was Todd Davenport - who's qualified to a similar level on paper - I'd say "yes" but, as a general rule, maybe not.

    In fact, given the NICE guidelines now require specialist medical staff at these clinics (without looking up the exact wording), I wonder how long he'll be allowed to stay in charge of this clinic.
     
    Last edited by a moderator: Apr 14, 2024
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  10. Trish

    Trish Moderator Staff Member

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    I sympathise with OT's and physios being put in the position of diagnosing people with ME/CFS and/or Long Covid. As far as I know, they aren't supposed to diagnose, they are supposed to help people manage their daily lives, mobility etc. They also can't prescribe medications, so pwME/LC need to be diagnosed and monitored by a doctor, not a therapist of whatever description. In practice in the NHS for most of us, that will end up being the GP, most of whom know nothing about ME/CFS.
     
  11. Tal_lula

    Tal_lula Established Member

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    The thing is, physios at least can diagnose some MSK conditions (or at least that seems to be largely accepted in the NHS), so I think it becomes a bit of a grey area.

    I have the same issue with 'pain clinics'. I've had GPs say (e.g. when I had a suspected slipped disc & 'sciatica' over Christmas) that, if different medication or investigations were needed, they'd be able to do that at the Pain Clinic but, as far as I'm aware, these clinics are physiotherapy-led (possibly with input from psychotherapists/'talking therapy'). The one at NBT (same department as the ME Service) explicitly doesn't accept referrals for patients whose pain is explained by a diagnosed condition (i.e. they only treat 'chronic primary pain'). However, I think they do provide some joint injections, so I'm not sure how that works. I've noticed that my GPs have a lot of misconceptions about all of these services.
     
  12. Lou B Lou

    Lou B Lou Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    @Tal_lula wrote:

    "I've noticed that my GPs have a lot of misconceptions about all of these services."

    Worrying, but probably common. Pain clinics/Fatigue clinics etc are ways for GPs to pass on the patient problem and think they have actually done something. GPs can end up just passing the buck.
     
  13. duncan

    duncan Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    Throughout the 1980's, in all facets of medicine, there was an acknowledged Lyme persistence called chronic Lyme. By the early 90's, a mammoth and sustained PR blitz to disappear chronic Lyme as a politically correct concept - that continues to this day - had been launched. By most accounts, it's been successful.

    So, there's precedent.
     
  14. Yann04

    Yann04 Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    Is there anything we can learn from that?

    I looked into it a bit and chronic-lyme disease seems to be dismissed while post-treatment lyme disease is documented and acknowledged, what gives?
     
  15. duncan

    duncan Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    Science doesn't necessarily win. It might not even place.

    Lots of books out there that try to demonstrate what happened, and why, but there's simply too many why's.

    ETA: This is an epic fail in diagnostics, which is different than what drags at ME/CFS, at least in theory. Geez, even that is convoluted and contested. Certainly diagnostics fail pwME as well.
     
    Last edited: Apr 13, 2024
  16. Kitty

    Kitty Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    I can see there may be an argument for this too, but I don't understand resistance to a single diagnosis of Covid-associated ME/CFS (or similar).

    Researchers who don't want post-Covid cases can still exclude them, those who only want post-Covid cases can include them, they would be tagged as post-Covid in national statistics, and using ME/CFS steers the individual toward management information and peer support that's likely to be the most relevant to them.
     
  17. duncan

    duncan Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    What if someone has both? As in has two discrete diseases simultaneously: ME/CFS and LC?
     
  18. Kitty

    Kitty Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    You'd keep both, I guess. But for someone who has ME/CFS symptoms that can be linked to Covid, I don't see why a qualified ME/CFS diagnosis couldn't be given. They need the same care, the qualification is only for research and statistical reasons.
     
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  19. Jonathan Edwards

    Jonathan Edwards Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    There aren't two discrete diseases with those names, at least as used now.

    ME/CFS is a clinical syndrome term.
    Long Covid is a term that implies causal ascription or at least association.
    Both can apply without any sense of duplication, just like pneumococcal infection and pneumonia or car crash and broken leg.

    They are not 'diseases'. Nobody should be suggesting they are.
    They are clinical categories. I think Kitty has this exactly right in post 16.
    David Putrino was making a point about research categorisation - which does not necessarily have anything to do with clinical categorisation. whether he is fully aware of that or not I wouldn't know.
     
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  20. duncan

    duncan Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    Semantics, most of which are rooted in willful inertia.

    You could use the same logic for PTLDS. And you'd have good argument for three distinct entities that look almost identical. LC is not ME/CFS is not PTLDS/chronic Lyme.

    Patients who have been around the block could write reams about the differences.

    And ultimately it may matter in significant ways, e.g., should persistence factor in LC and PTLDS, and ME/CFS prove to be immune dysfunction.
     

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