This is the final stage of the research to develop an assessment of post exertional malaise, or the worsening of symptoms that people experience when they overdo it or exceed their ‘energy envelope’.
They seem to be conflating post-exertional malaise with a worsening of symptoms. They don't seem to have understood what we were saying about the difference between fatiguability and PEM/a crash. They seem to still be treating these things as the same things.
Even the name (Post-Activity Symptoms Scale) seems to be adding to the confusion.
The following questions are about the worsening of symptoms people with ME/CFS get when they exceed their baseline, or ‘energy envelope’. Other terms you may come across are post exertional malaise (PEM), a crash, flare up, payback, setback, or relapse. It is most commonly experienced as an increase in symptoms, but it can also involve the onset of different symptoms to your usual baseline, so we refer to a ‘worsening of symptoms'. Overall, we want to capture how things get worse or are more of a struggle when you overdo it (i.e. trigger PEM). We know this is very variable, so the idea is to take an overall snapshot of how it is affecting you at present, rather than trying to record every aspect, and the whole history. This can help you and other people understand the impact it is having and start discussions about how to manage it.
The fatigue and weakness I get in my arms from hanging out the washing, or the loss of power in my thigh muscles that I notice when I have been doing a lot are post-activity symptoms but they are not, to my way of thinking, post-exertional malaise. There is not a feeling of being desperately unwell.
Triggers Which of the following have triggered a worsening of symptoms (ie PEM) over the last month.
And this seems to ignore the fact that it is the accumulation of exertions that seems to cause PEM. People are asked what triggers their PEM, people who have just been diagnosed and who may not even be sure what PEM means. I'm not even sure what PEM means after reading this questionnaire. How can the patients have any sort of confidence in what is causing their PEM if they aren't using wearable technology to track what is going on? And how will they know if the sleep problems cause PEM or are the consequence of PEM? And then, the questionnaire goes even further into unknowable detail and asks people to identify the first most problematic, then the second most problematic, and then the third most problematic activity. I have no idea how I'd answer that.
12. Level of activity triggering a worsening of symptoms / PEM
NB. This question refers to what is strenuous, demanding or stressful activity for you at present. Essentially, we are asking for a ballpark figure about how much you can do without triggering a worsening of symptoms. This indicates the size of your ‘energy envelope’, which is an important issue when it comes to managing energy and activity levels, and pacing. We are not asking about a comparison with other people with ME/CFS, healthy people, or how you were before you became ill. We understand that the baseline levels of symptoms fluctuate, which will impact on how much you can do.
Again, it seems to be about identifying individual activities so that the therapist can fix them - sleep hygiene for sleep problems; distraction for pain; CBT for demanding social interaction. But, although they acknowledge situations fluctuate, they don't really seem to understand that. Hanging the washing out is fine one day, but demanding another day. Maybe because I did some gardening and the supermarket shopping the day before, maybe I also have a viral infection (which might itself be the result of the exertion on some other activity in the previous days). The causes of PEM don't fit into discrete neat boxes, all ready for fixing.
12.
Overall, in the last month what level of activity has typically triggered a worsening of symptoms when you overdo it?
- I do not experience a worsening of symptoms /PEM
- Strenuous or stressful activity (for you)
- Moderately demanding or stressful activity (for you)
- Mildly demanding or stressful activity (for you)
This question is impossible to answer. Again - IT'S CUMULATIVE. And, again, I don't believe that a worsening of symptoms automatically equals PEM. And the scale seems to be some endlessly relative, individual scale - how will that help with longitudinal monitoring?
I think that they are asking the wrong questions, in an effort to produce boxes that are ticked. I think they should be asking people
1. Would you like some assistance to track your activity and symptoms in order to identify patterns so that you can understand your illness better?, and
2. are there particular symptoms or situations that you would like help with?
3. do you want some help to work out how to modify aspects of your life to allow you to get the most out of the capacity for activity you have?
Just have a conversation with people.