spike protein

Inflammatory and immunologic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with post-COVID-19 lung disease Abstract Rationale: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 frequently leads to persistent pulmonary symptoms and radiographic abnormalities, of which several clinical phenotypes have been...

Persistently activated virus-specific CD8 T cells indicate antigen-driven immune aberrations in long COVID Abstract Long COVID (LC) affects millions of people worldwide, yet its driving mechanisms remain incompletely defined and no treatment has been approved. Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 and...

SARS-CoV-2 seeds IAPP aggregation and β-cell failure Abstract The global diabetes incidence has surged post-COVID-19, yet how SARS-CoV-2 drives long-term beta cell (β-cell) failure remains incompletely elucidated. We identified a mechanism whereby SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins directly...

Exploratory clinical and immunological changes following Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab administration in immunodeficient patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated ME/CFS and persistent circulating spike protein Seidel; Anft; Wiemers; Seibert; Bertram; Rosiewicz; Stervbo; Westhoff; Babel BACKGROUND...

Non-fluorescent benzothiadiazole probe with protein-triggered turn-on fluorescence for imaging SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in biological systems Highlights A non-fluorescent benzothiadiazole probe becomes strongly emissive after protein ligation. Acid-to-amide conversion yields an approximately...

SARS−CoV−2 spike S1-mediated HIF−2α activation in retinal endothelial cells suggests a mechanism contributing to post−COVID endothelial dysfunction Abstract Background: Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) is characterized by persistent symptoms such as fatigue, cardiovascular abnormalities, and...

Immunopharmacological mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 spike-induced persistent pain in mice SARS-CoV-2 infection is frequently associated with persistent pain, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Given that viral structural proteins can act as pathogen-associated molecular...

Longitudinal assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Nucleocapsid antigenemia in the ORCHESTRA Post-COVID cohort OBJECTIVES Spike antigenemia has been proposed as a mechanism underlying post-COVID condition (PCC). We determined whether persistent free SARS-CoV-2 Spike or Nucleocapsid antigenemia is...

Recent SARS-CoV-2 infections and increased antibody responses to viral antigens are associated with greater autoantibody reactivity BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2-induced latent autoimmunity may play a role in long-COVID symptoms. This study explored associations between serum immunoglobulin G (IgG)...

Blinded 2-Year Longitudinal Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenemia in Long COVID OBJECTIVES SARS-CoV-2 antigens have been detected in plasma months after acute infection, but their long-term dynamics and clinical relevance remain unclear. We aimed to assess the persistence and clinical...

SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-associated sialoglycoconjugates induce nanoscale filipodia to facilitate micro-size platelet clotting COVID-19 disease is associated with thrombosis, but the pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. Here, we investigate how SARS-CoV-2 spike protein causes platelet...

Endovascular profiles linked to neutrophil activation in children and young adults with long COVID Endovascular symptoms are among the most debilitating long COVID symptoms; however, underlying mechanisms are unclear. Children and young adults with long COVID, an understudied population, offer...

Mass-Standardised IgG Response to Fourteen SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein variants and Antibody Subclass analysis for IgG subclasses and IgE for a Long COVID Patient Cohort A multivariant total subclass analysis has been performed for a control cohort (n=15) and a long COVID patient cohort (n=15)...

Human coronavirus 3CL protease manipulates host protein STIM1 to facilitate immune evasion Coronaviruses rely on intricate interactions with host proteins to create an environment conducive to their replication and survival. The 3CL protease of coronavirus acts as a key mediator, serving a...

Sars-Cov-2 spike protein and plasma from COVID-19 patients induce extracellular traps by myeloid-derived suppressor cells INTRODUCTION Polymorphonuclear-myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) are elevated in COVID-19 patients, playing a crucial role in suppressing the SARS-CoV-2 specific...

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Amyloid Fibrils Impair Fibrin Formation and Fibrinolysis Henrik Westman; Per Hammarström; Sofie Nyström Long COVID, or postacute sequelae of COVID-19 from SARS-CoV-2 infection, is a persistent debilitating disease affecting multiple systems and organs. Long COVID...

SARS-CoV-2 spike triggers TLR7-dependent endolysosome dysfunction and senescence in human astrocytes SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with long-lasting neuropsychiatric and cognitive symptoms, collectively referred to as neuro-PASC. Emerging studies indicates that accelerate brain aging and...

SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG4 class switching associates with clinical recovery in Long COVID Letter to the Editor HIGHLIGHTS • S-IgG4 class switching predicts symptom improvement in Long COVID patients. • Low S-IgG1% and high S-IgG4% linked to higher recovery rates. • S-IgG4 class...

Quantification of fibrinaloid clots in plasma from pediatric Long COVID patients using a microfluidic assay Long COVID (LC) impacts one in five children after an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Typical LC symptoms include fatigue, brain fog, pain, and shortness of breath, which can significantly...

Comprehensive molecular characterization of post-COVID condition: Immunoglobulin suppression and persistent SARS-CoV-2 antigens as key pathophysiological drivers Seco-Gonzalez; Antelo-Riveiro; Bravo; Domínguez-Santalla; Rodríguez-Ruiz; Piñeiro; Garcia-Fandino BACKGROUND Post-COVID condition...