Bile Acids and the Gut Microbiome, 2015, Ridlon et al

Andy · Jun 5, 2019

Not new but thought it was interesting.

Purpose of the review
We examine the latest research on the emerging bile acid-gut microbiome axis and its role in health and disease. Our focus revolves around two key microbial pathways for degrading bile salts, and the impact of bile acid composition in the gut on the gut microbiome and host physiology.

Recent findings
Bile acid pool size has recently been shown to be a function of microbial metabolism of bile acids in the intestines. Recent studies have shown potential mechanisms explaining how perturbations in the microbiome affect bile acid pool size and composition. Bile acids are emerging as regulators of the gut microbiome at the highest taxomic levels. The role of bile acids as hormones and potentiators of liver cancer are also emerging.

Summary
The host and microbiome appear to regulate bile acid pool size. The host produces a large, conjugated hydrophilic bile acid pool, maintained through positive-feedback antagonism of FXR in intestine and liver. Members of the microbiome utilize bile acids and their conjugates resulting in agonism of FXR in intestine and liver resulting in a smaller, unconjugated hydrophobic bile acid pool. Hydrophilicity of the bile acid pool is associated with disease states. Reduced bile acid levels in the gut are associated with bacterial overgrowth and inflammation. Diet, antibiotic therapy, and disease states affect the balance of the microbiome-bile acid pool.
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Open access, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4215539/

Amw66 · Jun 6, 2019

Tagging @mariovitali

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Bile Acids and the Gut Microbiome, 2015, Ridlon et al

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Bile Acids and the Gut Microbiome, 2015, Ridlon et al

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