CD38: An important regulator of T cell function, 2022, Li et al.

SNT Gatchaman

SNT Gatchaman

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CD38: An important regulator of T cell function
Li; Liang; Liao; Li; Zhou

Cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) is a multifunctional extracellular enzyme on the cell surface with NADase and cyclase activities. CD38 is not only expressed in human immune cells, such as lymphocytes and plasma cells, but also is abnormally expressed in a variety of tumor cells, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors.

T cells are one of the important immune cells in the body. As NAD consuming enzymes, CD38, ART2, SIRT1 and PARP1 are closely related to the number and function of T cells. CD38 may also influence the activity of ART2, SIRT1 and PARP1 through the CD38-NAD+ axis to indirectly affect the number and function of T cells. Thus, CD38-NAD+ axis has a profound effect on T cell activity.

In this paper, we reviewed the role and mechanism of CD38+ CD4+ T cells / CD38+ CD8+ T cells in cellular immunity and the effects of the CD38-NAD+ axis on T cell activity. We also summarized the relationship between the CD38 expression level on T cell surface and disease prediction and prognosis, the effects of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies on T cell activity and function, and the role of anti-CD38 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in tumor immunity. This will provide an important theoretical basis for a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between CD38 and T cells.

HIGHLIGHTS
• As a NAD consuming enzyme, CD38 is closely related to the number and function of T cells.

• The expression of CD38 in CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cell affects the function of CD4+T cell.

• The expression level of CD38 on T cell surface is associated with disease prediction and prognosis.

Web | DOI | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy | Open Access
 
Thank you for posting @SNT Gatchaman

I haven't had capacity to review the full paper yet but "the effects of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies on T cell activity and function" seems potentially interesting in light of the Dara trials and the recent findings relating to Gamma Delta T-cells.

Cd38 appears to be highly expressed on activated Cells making them a potential target for daratumumab.
 
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The paper is very technical and over my head — but it also reads like a lose(-ish) collection of statements about T-cells and CD38.

I was hoping for more details about the effects of MABs. The closest statement seems to be this. Overall, Dara seems to promote t-cell activity rather than hampen it, but it's complicated [12] seems like a useful reference for following up.
(1) Daratumumab can mediate its anti-myeloma activity by consuming CD38+ regulatory T cells (a study shows that daratumumab can reduce the numbers of CD38+ Tregs (which are more immunosuppressive than CD38- Tregs)) [12], regulatory B cells, and bone marrow-derived suppressor cells in patients, thus improving the antitumor immune response of the hosts [91], [93], [94]. (2) Daratumumab treatment also leads to a significant increase in the number and activity of T cells (possibly improving T cell activity by reducing the production of adenosine in the bone marrow microenvironment [91]), i.e., it induces a significant increase in the absolute count of helper and cytotoxic T cells, increases memory T cells, and reduces naive T cells [12]
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Do we have reason to think this review is competent? I would not expect a review of CD38 by competent experts to include in the abstract the sentence: " T cells are one of the important immune cells in the body." Some of the other statements in the abstract look as if they are written by someone who doesn't really understand the subject. Remeber, this is the norm for reviews - they are handed out to juniors to write to make it look as if the department is publishing. I have never heard of the institution of origin here.
 
Jonathan Edwards said:
Do we have reason to think this review is competent? I would not expect a review of CD38 by competent experts to include in the abstract the sentence: " T cells are one of the important immune cells in the body." Some of the other statements in the abstract look as if they are written by someone who doesn't really understand the subject. Remeber, this is the norm for reviews - they are handed out to juniors to write to make it look as if the department is publishing. I have never heard of the institution of origin here.
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Probably not. Nevertheless, they can sometimes provide a useful starting point, which I fear is also not the case here
 
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