Review Treatment of Functional Neurological Disorders 2026 Park

[Andy]

Abstract

Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a common condition characterized by involuntary neurological symptoms. The most common subtypes include functional/dissociative seizures and functional movement disorders, though other presentations such as persistent postural-perceptual dizziness and functional cognitive disorder are increasingly recognized. Patients may present with multiple types of functional neurological symptoms, and comorbid pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance are common and may substantially affect quality of life. Despite its high prevalence, FND has historically been neglected, and the prognosis remains poor in a substantial proportion of patients. This article provides an overview of current treatment options for FND, including physical therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, multidisciplinary approaches, and neuromodulation. Ongoing challenges including heterogeneous outcome measures, limited long-term follow-up data, the absence of validated biomarkers, and the need for expanded access to specialist care are also discussed.

Open access

 

[Andy]

Therefore, it is important to perform a thorough assessment of all symptoms and carefully determine which symptoms may be part of FND or other neurological and medical conditions. Because fatigue, pain, and sleep disturbances can also occur and may substantially affect patients’ quality of life, screening for these symptoms should be considered.

Pediatric patients with FMD frequently present with additional somatic symptoms such as headache, fatigue, abdominal discomfort, and numbness.

Physical activity and exercise have not been studied in detail specifically in FND; however, there is preliminary evidence of therapeutic benefit in conditions that commonly co-occur with FND, such as fibromyalgia, persistent post-concussion symptoms, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, chronic pain, and chronic fatigue syndrome. Whether structured exercise provides benefits beyond those achieved through established rehabilitation approaches in FND remains unclear.

FND is a common and disabling condition, yet research into appropriate outcome measures has been scarce. Quantification of symptom severity in FND presents several challenges.78 First, FND presents across a wide range of symptom types that mimic the full spectrum of other neurological disorders, making it difficult to identify a single measurement approach that works across subtypes. Second, FND commonly co-occurs with additional physical symptoms (such as pain and fatigue) and psychological symptoms (such as depression and anxiety), all of which warrant assessment but have an unclear etiological relationship to FND itself.

 

[Chandelier]

---

Physical activity and exercise have not been studied in detail specifically in FND; however, there is preliminary evidence of therapeutic benefit in conditions that commonly co-occur with FND, such as fibromyalgia, persistent post-concussion symptoms, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, chronic pain, and chronic fatigue syndrome.​

Whether structured exercise provides benefits beyond those achieved through established rehabilitation approaches in FND remains unclear.​

---

Chef‘s kiss.
That research can loop around another 100 years, no problem.

 

[Sean]

Physical activity and exercise have not been studied in detail specifically in FND; however, there is preliminary evidence of therapeutic benefit in conditions that commonly co-occur with FND,... ...and chronic fatigue syndrome.​

Facts, schmacts.

Who needs to go to the trouble of doing real science, when you can make shit up and get it published in a friendly peer review journal? As long as it fits the zeitgeist of your particular ideological faction.

 

[rvallee]

involuntary neurological symptoms

What the hell is a voluntary neurological symptom? Hitting yourself in the face? Symptoms are pathological, they're not something people can just bring about. What century are these people stuck in? How can the institutions and systems that enable this disastrous nonsense be trusted about anything?