brain

The Glymphatic System: A Beginner’s Guide Jessen, Nadia Aalling; Munk, Anne Sofie Finmann; Lundgaard, Iben; Nedergaard, Maiken The glymphatic system is a recently discovered macroscopic waste clearance system that utilizes a unique system of perivascular tunnels, formed by astroglial cells, to...

Brain borders at the central stage of neuroimmunology Rustenhoven, Justin; Kipnis, Jonathan The concept of immune privilege suggests that the central nervous system is isolated from the immune system. However, recent studies have highlighted the borders of the central nervous system as central...

Neurovascular coupling is the concept that in the CNS, organ function is tightly associated with blood flow, moreso than in other organs. Theoretical background and latest thinking — From the introduction in The Neurovascular Unit Coming of Age: A Journey through Neurovascular Coupling in...

What lies beneath: White matter microstructure in pediatric myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome using diffusion MRI Elisha K. Josev; Jian Chen; Marc Seal; Adam Scheinberg; Rebecca C. Cole; Katherine Rowe; Lionel Lubitz; Sarah J. Knight Recent studies in adults with myalgic...

Associations of circulating metabolites with cerebral white matter hyperintensities Yan Sun; Yu Guo; Hong-Qi Li; Lan Tan; Jian-Feng Feng; Wei Cheng; Jin-Tai Yu White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are the most compelling risk factors of stroke, dementia, and early mortality. We aimed to...

Abstract Lactate shuttled from the blood circulation, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes or even activated microglia (resident macrophages) to neurons has been hypothesized to represent a major source of pyruvate compared to what is normally produced endogenously by neuronal glucose metabolism...

Free-water-corrected diffusion and adrenergic/muscarinic antibodies in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome Yukio Kimura; Wakiro Sato; Norihide Maikusa; Miho Ota; Yoko Shigemoto; Emiko Chiba; Elly Arizono; Hiroyuki Maki; Isu Shin; Keiko Amano; Hiroshi Matsuda; Takashi Yamamura...

Brain imaging and neuropsychological assessment of individuals recovered from a mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection Petersen, Marvin; Nägele, Felix Leonard; Mayer, Carola; Schell, Maximilian; Petersen, Elina; Kühn, Simone; Gallinat, Jürgen; Fiehler, Jens; Pasternak, Ofer; Matschke, Jakob...

Hypothalamus volumes in adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Impact of self-reported fatigue and illness duration Hollie Byrne; Elisha K Josev; Sarah J Knight; Adam Scheinberg; Katherine Rowe; Lionel Lubitz; Marc L Seal Adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic...

Now published - link here ********* Preprint Association of Baseline Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Development of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in the Basal Ganglia Timothy J Libecap; Christopher E Bauer; Valentinos Zachariou; Colleen A Pappas; Flavius D Raslau; Peiying Liu; Hanzhang Lu; Brian...

Abstract Chronic pain syndromes are often refractory to treatment and cause substantial suffering and disability. Pain severity is often measured through subjective report, while objective biomarkers that may guide diagnosis and treatment are lacking. Also, which brain activity underlies chronic...

Prioritization of potential causative genes for schizophrenia in placenta https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-38140-1 Abstract Our earlier work has shown that genomic risk for schizophrenia converges with early life complications in affecting risk for the disorder and sex-biased...

Neurologic sequelae of COVID-19 are determined by immunologic imprinting from previous coronaviruses Spatola, Marianna; Nziza, Nadège; Jung, Wonyeong; Deng, Yixiang; Yuan, Dansu; Dinoto, Alessandro; Bozzetti, Silvia; Chiodega, Vanessa; Ferrari, Sergio; Lauffenburger, Douglas A; Mariotto, Sara...

Researchers discover a potential cause of Parkinson’s disease | University of Helsinki “Our findings are significant, as the cause of Parkinson’s disease has gone unknown despite attempts to identify it throughout the last two centuries. The findings indicate that specific strains of...

Abnormal brain diffusivity in participants with persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms after COVID-19 Huajun Liang; Thomas Ernst; Kenichi Oishi; Meghann C. Ryan; Edward Herskovits; Eric Cunningham; Eleanor Wilson; Shyamasundaran Kottilil; Linda Chang Objectives We aimed to compare brain white...

Cerebral hypoperfusion in post-COVID-19 cognitively impaired subjects revealed by arterial spin labeling MRI Ajčević, Miloš; Iscra, Katerina; Furlanis, Giovanni; Michelutti, Marco; Miladinović, Aleksandar; Buoite Stella, Alex; Ukmar, Maja; Cova, Maria Assunta; Accardo, Agostino; Manganotti...

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Accumulation in the Skull-Meninges-Brain Axis: Potential Implications for Long-Term Neurological Complications in post-COVID-19 Zhouyi Rong; Hongcheng Mai; Saketh Kapoor; Victor Puelles; Jan Czogalla; Julia Schaedler; Jessica Vering; Claire Delbridge; Hanno Steinke...

Abstract After recovering from the acute phase of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many patients struggle with additional symptoms of long COVID during the chronic phase. Among them, the neuropsychiatric manifestations characterized by a short-term memory loss and inability to concentrate...

Structural brain changes in patients with post-COVID fatigue: a prospective observational study Josephine Heine, Katia Schwichtenberg, Tim J. Hartung, Sophia Rekers, Claudia Chien, Fabian Boesl, Rebekka Rust, Christian Hohenfeld, Julia Bungenberg, Ana S. Costa, Carmen Scheibenbogen, Judith...

Abstract The brain is an energy hog, consuming available energy supplies at a rate out of all proportion to its relatively small size. This outsized demand, largely reflecting the unique computational activity of the brain, is met by an ensemble of neurovascular coupling mechanisms that link...