hypothalamus

An amygdala to anterior hypothalamic circuit gates stress sensitivity Previous adversity increases sensitivity to subsequent stressful events1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, but the causal underlying changes in brain circuitry are poorly understood. Here we harnessed unbiased whole-brain activity mapping to...

Abstract Women during lactation undergo significant bone loss and metabolic changes. However, the underlying mechanisms in the brain remain unclear. Herein, we found that prolactin receptor (PRLR)+ neurons in the hypothalamus control lactation physiology and metabolism in mice. Prolactin...

The Mammillary Body-Fornix Gate in Long COVID An exploratory structural and diffusion MRI study of tremor-like symptoms, internal vibrations, and neuromuscular fatigue BACKGROUND Long COVID frequently includes post-exertional malaise, neuromuscular fatigue, internal vibrations, tremor-like...

Hypothalamic Dysfunction and Neurotransmitter Abnormalities in the Postviral Fatigue Syndrome Abdel Magid Osman Bakheit Thesis supervisor: Peter O. Behan A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) of the University of Glasgow Final paragraph In conclusion, the studies...

Systems neuroendocrinology in ME/CFS and long COVID: a chronobiological framework for hormone-based research Hormonal dysregulation is increasingly reported in ME/CFS and Long COVID, yet the broader role of neuroendocrine disruption in these conditions remains underexplored. While changes in...

Biological Insights from Genome-Wide Association Studies and Whole Genome Sequencing of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Maccallini, Paolo Abstract Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating disorder of poorly understood etiology. We...

Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is presumed to be an autoimmune disorder caused by hypothalamic loss of hypocretin (Hcrt; orexin). In postmortem NT1 brains, we observed an 11‐fold increase of CD4 + T‐cells in the Hcrt region compared with control hypothalami, without a corresponding rise in CD8 +...

IFN-Alpha-Induced Cortical and Subcortical Glutamate Changes Assessed by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Abstract Cytokine effects on behavior may be related to alterations in glutamate metabolism. We therefore measured glutamate concentrations in brain regions shown to be affected by...

Full title: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Induced by Environmental Toxic Exposure: Effects of Polyhexamethyleneguanidine Phosphate Exposure on Mitochondrial Function and Neural Health. Highlights PHMG-p contributes to CFS by inducing mitochondrial and neurological dysfunction. HD exposure has...

This is the preprint. Go to post #9 for the published paper Disruption of the hypothalamic orexin system links SARS-CoV-2 infection to persistent cortical neuronal pathology Long COVID frequently presents with persistent neurological symptoms, including cognitive impairment, fatigue, and...

Possible Involvement of Hypothalamic Dysfunction in Long COVID Patients Characterized by Delayed Response to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Long COVID (LC) may involve endocrine dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To examine hypothalamic–pituitary responses in...

This post contains a preliminary abstract. A full paper on this study has now been published. See post #22 ----------------- https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/WNL.0000000000205761 GENERAL NEUROLOGY: NEUROIMMUNOLOGY April 9, 2024 Free Access Low Vasopressin in Myalgic...

An integrative review on the orexin system and hypothalamic dysfunction in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: implications for precision medicine Noé López-Amador [Line breaks added] Abstract Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating...

The Critical Role of the Bile Acid Receptor TGR5 in Energy Homeostasis: Insights into Physiology and Therapeutic Potential Zangerolamo, Lucas; Carvalho, Marina; Barbosa, Helena C. L. Over the past decades, bile acids have been recognized as important signaling molecules with significant roles...

Rami Burstein 1, Rodrigo Noseda 1, Anne B Fulton 1 Abstract Background: Photophobia is commonly associated with migraine, meningitis, concussion, and a variety of ocular diseases. Advances in our ability to trace multiple brain pathways through which light information is processed have paved...

Title: Insights from triggers and prodromal symptoms on how migraine attacks start: The threshold hypothesis Authors: Sebastianelli G, Atalar AÇ, Cetta I, et al. Abstract Background The prodrome or premonitory phase is the initial phase of a migraine attack, and it is considered as a...

Hypothalamus Connectivity in Adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Hollie Byrne; Sarah J. Knight; Elisha K. Josev; Adam Scheinberg; Richard Beare; Joseph Y. M. Yang; Stuart Oldham; Katherine Rowe; Marc L. Seal Adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome...

Thermosensitivity of translation underlies the mammalian nocturnal-diurnal switch Andrew David Beale; Nina M Rzechorzek; Andrei Mihut; Aiwei Zeng; Nicola J Smyllie; Violetta Pilorz; Rose Richardson; Mads F Bertlesen; Nathan R James; Shaline V Fazal; Zanna Voysey; Jerry Pelletier; Priya Crosby...

Hypothalamus volumes in adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Impact of self-reported fatigue and illness duration Hollie Byrne; Elisha K Josev; Sarah J Knight; Adam Scheinberg; Katherine Rowe; Lionel Lubitz; Marc L Seal Adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic...

Clinical characteristics of patients with unexplainable hypothalamic disorder diagnosed by the corticotropin-releasing hormone challenge test: a retrospective study Abstract Background The corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) challenge test can distinguish the disorders of the hypothalamus...