t cells

Metabolic, viral, and immune phenotypes in long COVID CONTEXT Long COVID is characterized by persistent symptoms ≥ 3 months after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. To date, the underlying pathophysiology is unclear. OBJECTIVE To characterize the immune and metabolic features of Long COVID and the...

Prolactin modulates the naive B cell repertoire Abstract Prolactin is a peptide hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that is critical in lactation. Prolactin can also be produced by lymphocytes, and both B and T cells express prolactin receptors. These findings have suggested that...

Immunopharmacological mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 spike-induced persistent pain in mice SARS-CoV-2 infection is frequently associated with persistent pain, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Given that viral structural proteins can act as pathogen-associated molecular...

EBV Reprograms B Cells in an Autoimmune-Like Fashion in Patients with COVID-19 Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reprograms B cells in autoimmune disease. Reprogrammed EBV+ B cells activate nearby B and CD4+ T cells, via upregulated antigen presentation and costimulatory machinery, to drive autoimmune...

High Dimensional Profiling of T cells in ME/CFS Uncovers Sex Specific Dysregulation McNally, Claire; Davis, Mark; Wilhelmy, Julie; Grimson, Andrew; Hanson, Maureen Introduction Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME) is a debilitating and poorly understood chronic disease. ME...

CD38: An important regulator of T cell function Cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) is a multifunctional extracellular enzyme on the cell surface with NADase and cyclase activities. CD38 is not only expressed in human immune cells, such as lymphocytes and plasma cells, but also is abnormally...

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has infected more than 778 million people worldwide. Roughly 7% of these patients progress to Long COVID (LC), suffering from persistent symptoms and cognitive impairment well past the acute stage. As the mechanisms of LC remain elusive, we utilized single-cell...

No expansion of MIS-C associated TCR Vβ 21.3+ T-cells in pediatric Post-COVID Condition The etiology of pediatric post-COVID Condition (PPCC; i.e., long-COVID) remains elusive. Another post-infectious complication of SARS-CoV-2 in children is Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children...

Guidelines for T cell nomenclature Advances in T cell biology have revealed heterogeneity among T cell populations that is not captured by existing general nomenclature. This issue has caused an ad hoc broadening of core T cell subset definitions and the invention of new subset designations...

Monocyte Oxidative Stress Underlies Persistent Immune Activation in Long-COVID Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome BACKGROUND Long COVID postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (LCPOTS) is characterized by persistent orthostatic tachycardia and multiple constitutional symptoms, many of...

Immune Dysregulation and Persistent Symptoms: Insights into T Cell Dynamics in Post-COVID among Athletes from the CoSmo-S Study BACKGROUND Over 10% of all SARS-CoV-2 infections lead to persistent symptoms, a condition called post-COVID condition (PCC). For elite athletes, whose performance is...

T-cell repertoire response in individuals with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 T-cells are central to SARS-CoV-2 clearance and immunological memory, yet their contribution to the persistence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) remains poorly understood. The immunological features that...

Immune correlates underlying small fiber neuropathy presenting as vaccine-associated post-acute SARS- coronavirus syndrome BACKGROUND A spectrum of adverse events overlapping with Post-acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) occurs in some patients following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination...

The effect of pre-existing sleep disturbance on T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants, pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators, and glucocorticoid sensitivity in Long COVID Sleep disturbance is highly common in Long COVID (LC), and is known to worsen infection outcomes and hinder full...

Summary A previously healthy 39-year-old man developed highly symptomatic post-COVID-19 condition (also known as long COVID) marked by cognitive dysfunction, disabling fatigue, and autonomic symptoms unresponsive to multiple multidisciplinary interventions. Given the presence of markedly...

Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is presumed to be an autoimmune disorder caused by hypothalamic loss of hypocretin (Hcrt; orexin). In postmortem NT1 brains, we observed an 11‐fold increase of CD4 + T‐cells in the Hcrt region compared with control hypothalami, without a corresponding rise in CD8 +...

Persistent Gut-Immune Axis dysregulation in long-term Post-COVID Syndrome: Insights from a prospective, observational, cross-sectional case-control study Post-COVID syndrome (PCS) is a complex condition that can emerge after recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection, even in young, healthy...

Abdominal ultrasound activates afferent vagus nerve fibers and induces anti-inflammatory effects Abdominal ultrasound has emerged as a noninvasive modality with immunomodulatory potential. Although its anti-inflammatory effects have been demonstrated in various disease models, the underlying...

Full title: Single-cell analysis reveals immune remodeling of monocytes, NK cells, T cell exhaustion, and Galectin-9–associated depletion of gamma delta and mucosal-associated invariant T cells in Long COVID with ME/CFS The cellular mechanisms underlying Long COVID (LC) associated with myalgic...

Long-term sex differences in symptoms and immune profile in long COVID BACKGROUND Long COVID (LC) is a post-infectious condition affecting millions worldwide, characterized by persistent multisystem symptoms. Females are disproportionately affected, reporting higher symptom burden...