Recommendations 37–38–Chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia and functional neurological disorder
Functional symptoms are complaints that are not primarily explained based onphysical or physiological abnormalities. They may mimic neurological disorders. Diagnosis may depend on exclusion of a medical explanation of the symptoms, and require a high level of clinical expertise and judgement. Functional symptoms can complicate a medically explained illness and cause difficulties in diagnosis and delineation. The committee also considered that people may benefit from an explanation that functional symptoms are commonly accompanied by problems with concentration and memory, and that this may reduce the overall load on clinical services.Difficulties with memory and concentration are a core diagnostic criterion for chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalopathy (CFS/ME) and may be present in people with fibromyalgia and functional neurological disorder. People with CFS/ME should be referred according to local pathways (see CG53).The committee considered that a referral for neurological assessment in these cases is not necessary, unless the cognitive difficulties have a significant impact on everyday life. However, this patient population may still need medical or psychological support, depending on the nature of their condition, where reassurance is not enough, and the symptom has a significant impact on everyday life. The committee discussed that access to clinical health psychology can be limited but wanted to point out that, where pain is a prominent accompanying symptom (for example,fibromyalgia or chronic,daily headache), a pain clinic may have appropriate resources.Some patients with functional neurological disorder may benefit from referral for specialist physiotherapy.A recommendation which covered these considerations was thought likely to help GPs to direct these patients to more appropriate channels than neurology services