Blood–brain barrier disruption and sustained systemic inflammation in individuals with long COVID-associated cognitive impairment, 2024, Greene et al

The abstract of the preprint is in 2023 is in the first post and the published abstract is at this post. It looks as though the paper received quite a bit more polishing. Also, there's substantially more on gene expression.

 

Coming back to this, given that Nath recently said that he was confident that there is no blood brain barrier dysfunction in Long Covid.

The findings on blood-brain barrier dysfunction based on the MRI scanning with contrast still look pretty good.

 

I note the affiliation of the senior author:
Matthew Campbell
View ORCID ID profile

• Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
• FutureNeuro, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland

That's an interesting organisation to have working on Long Covid.


From the new section on gene expression:
White blood cells from patients with COVID-19 activate brain endothelial cells

Compared to unaffected individuals:

Interesting to see IL6R mentioned - I think we have seen that mentioned in another recent paper.

comparing the cohort with brain fog to the recovered and long COVID cohorts:

Figure 6a - PCA: Recovered in green, with brain fog in red


Figure 6c - PCA: Long Covid without brain fog in green, with brain fog in red

 

From the discussion:

Ref #53 is
Plasma Markers of Neurologic Injury and Inflammation in People With ... Neurologic Post acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection, 2022, Peluso et al
That study only found elevated GFAP early in the disease of those with Long Covid, and not later.

I get the impression that the team think Long Covid is important, and that they are motivated to do more.