Preprint Seven replicated genomic associations of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a biobank study, 2026, Slaughter, Ponting et al.

I wanted to give some time to read and digest this. I’ve been through a fair bit of the paper and this thread but probably need a few more listens to digest it more, there’s a lot there! But here’s my initisl notes, thoughts, questions. Not to anybody in particular but maybe they’ll help discussion.

- First off this looks like the sort of good rigorous analysis we’ve come to expect from the group in Edinburgh. Thank you as ever.
- The preprint server does a great job of formatting the paper in a way screen readers can read it, so I was able to listen, nice!
- I don’t understand it all so have some more reading and learning to do!
- That there was replication seems significant.
- Even if it wasn’t possible with DecodeME, what this tells us could be really interesting and important. The problem is working out what this study is telling us, it feels a bit like 42 being the answer to the ultimate question but we need to understand what the question is.

- It seems to reinforces the neurological signal. But what do the loci tell us about the condition? What do the differences tell us about the cohorts?

- Can all the different genetic findings in different cohorts all be pointers to something still hidden? More x’s on the treasure map leading us to something still buried?

- I’m interested in the methodology here. Can we use these approaches and techniques on different datasets or subsets, on DecodeME data?
- We’re comparing different groups with different criteria and different methods at the moment. It is perhaps unsurprising we get different results. And maybe more surprising we got replication with separate cohorts.

- This brings us back to looking at groups by severity imho. This is s something we talked about before on DecodeME, can or should we subgroup by severity? I think the numbers were said to be too small to look at severe only but does this approach change that? Or if not what about excluding severe?

- Study/patient selection criteria seem more important than ever. Does this study give us any other insights into how to best to define groups to best understand the condition in other studies?

- Findings like the B12 one are interesting given how that’s a topic which has cropped up and been an area of interest for many over the years.
- The difference between a poorly performing and completely broken B12 gene/pathway reminds me of some of the sickle cell treatments where through CRISPR treatments a different functioning pathway can be activated. Maybe there’s a similar possibility for some patients here?
Thank you. We'd like to do many analyses by REGENIE or TarGene, and splitting by severity. Some of these are already planned/underway (awaiting the return of UK Biobank). Not all of them will be possible to deliver because of limited person-time due to only 1 remaining statistical geneticist funded by donations. Splitting by severity using REGENIE will certainly be done but we don't currently have resources for all the TarGene work we'd like to do.
 
Thank you. We'd like to do many analyses by REGENIE or TarGene, and splitting by severity. Some of these are already planned/underway (awaiting the return of UK Biobank). Not all of them will be possible to deliver because of limited person-time due to only 1 remaining statistical geneticist funded by donations. Splitting by severity using REGENIE will certainly be done but we don't currently have resources for all the TarGene work we'd like to do.
Hi Chris, to be clear is this remaining statistical geneticist funded by donations through this platform?


Tagging @Andy as well.
 
I was just wondering whether the remaining statistical geneticist who's salary is funded through donations is funded through that link, as I have some money from selling a musical instrument recently I want to donate somewhere it will make a difference.

I thought you might know if Chris didn't have time to reply.
 
I was just wondering whether the remaining statistical geneticist who's salary is funded through donations is funded through that link, as I have some money from selling a musical instrument recently I want to donate somewhere it will make a difference.

I thought you might know if Chris didn't have time to reply.
If I had to guess, then I would assume so, but I don't know for certain.
 
Thank you. We'd like to do many analyses by REGENIE or TarGene, and splitting by severity. Some of these are already planned/underway (awaiting the return of UK Biobank). Not all of them will be possible to deliver because of limited person-time due to only 1 remaining statistical geneticist funded by donations. Splitting by severity using REGENIE will certainly be done but we don't currently have resources for all the TarGene work we'd like to do.
Thanks Chris. Appreciate you letting us know a bit about what’s planned. And of course hoping the Biobank comes back online for you soon.

Good to know severe subgrouping will be covered. I’m sure there’s a few of us who’d love to help analysis if we could but not sure we have the resources for something like targene (silicon or human!) Hopefully we can help persuade someone to give you the needed funding.
 
Just wondering: did any of the analyses look for what genes might be missing in PWME, or just ones that they had in common? I suppose ME could also involve one or more present genes and one or more non-present ones.
Everyone has the same 20,000 genes, we're looking at variants (slight spelling differences in a gene) to see if people with ME share the same typos more often than healthy people. There's not really "missing" genes, more that we're looking at whats different compared to general population. There's not really a "missing" gene to look for at least at the GWAS level. I think SequenceME would find that but I think if this was any easy gene deletion disease we would already know.
 
Okay, my genetics terminology is rather weak. I meant whether the analyses looked for negative differences as well as positive ones. Are PWME not producing a certain molecule at the normal rate, rather than just looking for overproduction. Seems like an obvious thing to check for, but the research community does sometimes act in non-obvious ways, so I thought I'd ask.
 
Are PWME not producing a certain molecule at the normal rate, rather than just looking for overproduction. Seems like an obvious thing to check for, but the research community does sometimes act in non-obvious ways, so I thought I'd ask.
it’s good to ask. The direction of effect is something that’s been considered yes. The genetic differences looked for are just that initislly, differences, there is no distinction made between those differences producing more or less of things at this point, in fact we don’t know!

What then happens is the process of trying to work out what these differences do and where. A change may increase expression, decrease expression, have no effect, it may affect other genes, it may be relevant in certain tissues, and so on. This can be hard to work out and is what a lot of discussion here has been about, looking at he question ‘what do these changes mean?’

So for instance take a look at the DecodeME candidate genes document and it says, for the first gene listed
The allele that increases the risk of ME/CFS is associated with decreasing RABGAP1L gene expression.
 
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